Author(s): S Nivetha

Abstract: The evolution of stray dogs in India traces back to ancient times when dogs roamed freely as informal guardians. In recent decades, the term "stray" has emerged to describe abandoned, unmonitored dogs lacking proper care. Factors such as poor waste management, uncontrolled breeding, and abandonment have led to a surge in stray dog populations, resulting in serious public health risks including rabies, leptospirosis, and toxocariasis. India records the highest rabies-related deaths globally, with over 1.75 crore dog bite cases reported between 2019-2022.Major incidents in Kerala (2022) and Delhi (2023) involving child fatalities triggered legal scrutiny and public interest litigations. The Supreme Court responded with directives under the Animal Birth Control (ABC) Rules, 2023, mandating sterilization, vaccination, and infrastructure development for stray dogs. However, the order to retain dogs post-treatment sparked nationwide controversy, clashing with earlier judicial precedents and raising ethical concerns. India’s legal and constitutional framework, including the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 and Articles 21 and 51(g), affirms the dignity and rights of animals. The debate continues over balancing public safety with animal welfare, emphasizing humane treatment, responsible governance, and the ethical imperative to protect all living beings.

DOI: 10.22271/2790-0673.2025.v5.i2f.262

Pages: 493-495 | Views: 81 | Downloads: 42

Download Full Article: Click Here