Author(s): Seema Rani

Abstract: The integration of forensic Artificial Intelligence (AI) in law enforcement is transforming investigative and judicial processes, offering unprecedented capabilities in crime detection, digital forensics, and predictive policing. AI systems can analyze vast datasets, identify patterns, and facilitate evidence evaluation at speeds and scales beyond human capacity. While these technological advances promise enhanced efficiency, accuracy, and operational effectiveness, they simultaneously raise profound ethical, legal, and societal concerns. Challenges include algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, privacy violations, and the potential erosion of civil liberties. This research examines the ethical paradox of forensic AI, exploring how innovation in law enforcement can be reconciled with constitutional protections and human rights standards. The study emphasizes the necessity of human oversight, ethical governance, and accountability frameworks, highlighting the role of independent audits, human-in-the-loop systems, and bias mitigation strategies. Legislative and policy recommendations are provided to ensure AI deployment aligns with national and international legal frameworks, while also considering global best practices and comparative approaches. The paper advocates for capacity building, technical proficiency, and public engagement, emphasizing that responsible forensic AI must operate transparently, equitably, and in a manner that sustains public trust and legitimacy. Ultimately, the research concludes that the successful integration of forensic AI in law enforcement requires a balanced approach, where technological innovation enhances investigative capabilities without compromising ethical principles or constitutional rights. By establishing robust ethical frameworks, governance mechanisms, and operational safeguards, forensic AI can serve as a powerful, accountable, and socially responsible tool, advancing justice and reinforcing democratic values in the digital age.

DOI: 10.22271/2790-0673.2025.v5.i2d.251

Pages: 368-381 | Views: 51 | Downloads: 23

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