Author(s): Monica Madaan and Arryan Mohanty

Abstract: The media plays a decisive role in shaping public opinion and influencing societal understanding of legal proceedings in India. While its ability to spotlight heinous crimes and demand justice is essential, the unchecked practice of media trials raises serious legal and ethical concerns. This paper explores the intersection of media conduct, news bias, and the right to a fair trial, highlighting how media narratives can prematurely portray accused individuals as guilty, thereby undermining the presumption of innocence. Despite Article 19(1) (a) of the Indian Constitution guaranteeing freedom of speech, this right is limited by Article 19(2) to ensure the protection of national integrity, public order, and judicial independence. The media, often described as the fourth pillar of democracy, is expected to act responsibly and ethically. However, in recent years, some press sections have overstepped their role, interfering with ongoing investigations and court proceedings by sensationalising cases and influencing public opinion before a verdict is reached. The Supreme Court has acknowledged the detrimental impact of such practices, especially in the digital age where social media intensifies public scrutiny and reputational harm. This paper argues for the urgent need to establish regulatory frameworks that define the rights and obligations of media entities, while also granting the judiciary greater authority to penalise ethical breaches. In doing so, a balance can be struck between media freedom and the protection of fundamental legal rights, ensuring that the pursuit of transparency does not come at the cost of justice.

Pages: 293-307 | Views: 136 | Downloads: 67

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