Author(s): Akhilesh Mishra and Dr. Prasenjit Kundu

Abstract: This research paper offers an in-depth analysis of labour welfare in India, examining its theoretical underpinnings, historical development, and current practices. Labour welfare encompasses the policies and measures aimed at enhancing the well-being of workers by addressing their economic, social, physical, and psychological needs. The paper begins by defining labour welfare and tracing its evolution from the colonial era to post-independence India. It highlights significant legislative frameworks such as the Factories Act of 1948, the Employees' State Insurance Act of 1948, and the Payment of Gratuity Act of 1972, which have been instrumental in shaping the country’s labour welfare policies.Theoretical perspectives on labour welfare are explored through various approaches, including Utilitarianism, Marxist Theory, Paternalistic Theory, Social Justice Theory, and Human Capital Theory. These frameworks provide a deeper understanding of the motivations behind labour welfare initiatives and illustrate how different socio-political ideologies have shaped policies and practices in India. The paper also examines the challenges encountered in implementing labour welfare programs, particularly in the informal sector, and assesses the effectiveness of existing social security schemes, health benefits, and wage protections. The effects of globalization, technological advancements, and the rise of the informal workforce on labour welfare are critically evaluated.In conclusion, the paper proposes policy recommendations aimed at improving the scope and effectiveness of labour welfare in India. These recommendations stress the need for inclusive, enforceable, and comprehensive welfare measures that reach all segments of the workforce, with a focus on marginalized and informal workers. Through this analysis, the research seeks to contribute to the ongoing conversation on enhancing labour welfare systems in India for improved socio-economic outcomes.

Pages: 215-227 | Views: 91 | Downloads: 52

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