Author(s): Dr. SK Bose, Dr. Aditi Chaudhary and Vaibhav Rajan Tyagi

Abstract: Governance structures globally can be broadly categorized into unitary and federal systems, each with distinct characteristics and implications for political organization and citizen engagement. The dichotomy of political systems between unitary and federal form exist in most of the states in the present era of political globalization. In a unitary government all the powers are vested in the central government whereas in a federal form of government the powers are bifurcated between the center and the state. Both governance models have their advantages and disadvantages, affecting how policies are implemented and how citizens engage with their government. A unitary system centralizes authority within a single national government. In this framework, local governments may exist, but they primarily serve as extensions of the central authority, executing decisions made by the national parliament. In contrast, a federal system disperses power across multiple layers of government, typically involving a national and several regional or state governments. This arrangement allows for greater local autonomy and responsiveness to regional needs, fostering a sense of participation and representation among diverse populations.This research article highlights a comparative analysis between a unitary and federal structure of government in a state. It focuses to examine the dichotomy of unitary and federal forms of governance which exist in the present. It also shows an availability of abundance of laws for the welfare of human beings in both the countries. The research suggests application of unitary or federal polity through comparative assessment of the concept, features, and governance of both the system in a state.

DOI: 10.22271/2790-0673.2025.v5.i1b.169

Pages: 115-118 | Views: 127 | Downloads: 56

Download Full Article: Click Here